Does the iPhone support Bluetooth? Which iPhone models support which versions of Bluetooth?

Yes. All iPhone models support Bluetooth although the functionality long had been restricted somewhat. Version 3.0 of the iOS, called iPhone OS at the time, added substantially improved Bluetooth support including "peer to peer connectivity," support for accessories, and Internet tethering, as well.

Along with revised wireless data plans, AT&T started offering Internet tethering when the iPhone 4 was released on June 7, 2010, and started offering it for earlier iPhone models, too. Version 4 of the iOS also added bluetooth keyboard support to the iPhone 3GS and iPhone 4. The iPhone 4S and subsequent iPhone models support a bluetooth keyboard as well.

Specifically, all iPhone models released prior to the iPhone 4S support Bluetooth 2.1+EDR; the iPhone 4S, iPhone 5, iPhone 5c, and iPhone 5s support Bluetooth 4.0; the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus support Bluetooth 4.2 in limited capacity if running iOS 9 (and Bluetooth 4.0 if running an earlier version of the iOS); the iPhone 6s/iPhone 6s Plus, iPhone SE, and iPhone 7/iPhone 7 Plus fully support Bluetooth 4.2; and finally the iPhone 8/iPhone 8 Plus, iPhone X, iPhone XS/iPhone XS Max, iPhone XR, iPhone 11, iPhone 11 Pro/iPhone 11 Pro Max, iPhone SE (2nd Gen), iPhone 12 mini/iPhone 12/iPhone 12 Pro/iPhone 12 Pro Max, and iPhone 13 mini/iPhone 13/iPhone 13 Pro/iPhone 13 Pro Max all support Bluetooth 5.0.

How does the iPhone synchronize music, photos, and videos with a computer? Can it sync via Bluetooth or wi-fi?

These days, most iPhone users no longer synchronize music with a computer, but for those who do, the device synchronizes music, photos, and videos in the same way that the iPod does -- via the iTunes software program and a physical USB connection.

Currently, you cannot officially synchronize the iPhone via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. However, a company called Jeff-Net has created a FileSync program that works by FTP to synchronize documents with an iPhone for a mere US$4.99.

Starting with iPhone OS 3.0, and continuing with later versions of the iOS as well, it became possible for "any application, not just games, to communicate between devices using Bluetooth" and as a result, support for synchronizing additional data over Bluetooth is provided by some third-party applications as well.

Can you access the iTunes Music Store directly from the iPhone?

Not as originally shipped on June 29, 2007. However, on September 5, 2007, Apple unveiled the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store which made it possible to "browse, search, preview, purchase and download songs and albums from the iTunes Music Store over a Wi-Fi network directly" onto an iPhone or iPod touch.

Can you "beam" music, photos, and videos between iPhones? Can you "beam" data files between iPhones? Does the iPhone support "disk mode" when connected to a computer?

As designed with the first and second versions of the iPhone operating system, the iPhone software did not allow one to transfer music, photos, or videos between iPhones. The iPhone could not be used to transfer data files via Bluetooth or wi-fi, nor did it support "disk mode" when connected to a Mac or PC.

However, as is often the case, where Apple decided to deny access, third-parties came to the rescue.

It's not quite as convenient as it would be to directly "beam" music, photos, videos, or data files between iPhones, but as first spotted by iPhone Hacks, there is a third-party iPhone application called Song Sender that first made it easy to send a song by e-mail to another iPhone -- or any other device with e-mail access -- or add the song to the available ringtones on your iPhone.

To solve the lack of iPhone "disk mode" functionality, third-party software makes it possible to copy files from a Mac or Windows PC to the iPhone for transfer to another computer as well as access some types of files on the iPhone itself.

Also see: How can I transfer or copy music, photos and videos from my iPhone to my computer?